| Theme | Sub-theme |
| Technical | Land limitation, needs large space Needs continuous aeration Absence of waste segregation affects compost quality Lack of locally-available technologies Biological activity is sensitive to initial inputs |
| Social | Lack of public awareness Public perception needs to improve public acceptance Public experience and understanding Absence of very primary principals among people |
| Political | Absence of a national waste management strategy Lack of governmental support |
| Environmental | Needs a safe distance of at least 3 km from residence Compost may contains harmful or toxic matter |
| Economic | Absence of market of compost In-vessel composting is expensive Lack of investment due to lack of incentives |