Study variables | Males | Females | t | p | Effect size |
Time pressure | 18.57 | 20.17 | 5.25 | <.001 | .46 |
Low student motivation | 12.99 | 13.05 | .14 | >.05 | .01 |
Lack of supervisory support | 7.32 | 7.34 | .1 | >.05 | .01 |
Value conflicts | 5.71 | 5.06 | −3.1 | <.01 | .28 |
Conflicts with colleagues | 2.85 | 2.75 | −.79 | >.05 | .07 |
Student diversity | 14.45 | 14.81 | 1.24 | >.05 | .11 |
Discipline problems | 8.04 | 8.21 | .55 | >.05 | .05 |
Self-efficacy | 118.85 | 116.64 | −1.61 | >.05 | .14 |
Emotional stress | 15.84 | 18.46 | 6.24 | <.001 | .54 |
Emotional exhaustion | 15.87 | 17.8 | 3.1 | <.01 | .27 |
Engagement | 50.51 | 51.71 | 1.53 | >.05 | .14 |
Motivation to quit | 6.61 | 6.27 | −1.07 | >.05 | .1 |