V_i = 110V

V_i = 130V

P_m or P

P₁

Q_M, N

Q₁

P_m

P₁

Q_m or N

Q₁

Measured values

396.47

398.45

93.81

28.33

454.78

456.84

140.34

40.82

Exponential model output (Equation (1) and (2) with the data of Table 2)

Collective model^a

394.40

396.52

25.88

27.60

451.71

453.89

37.54

40.08

Sum of models^b

378.00

380.28

−19.74

28.28

435.35

437.47

−11.04

41.06

ZIP model output (Equation (3) and (4) with the data of Table 3)

Collective model^a

395.18

397.30

107.80

30.32

452.29

454.47

135.91

38.34

Sum of models^b

377.30

379.55

30.98

28.79

436.12

439.95

45.88

41.29

Modified ZIP model output (Equation (6) and (7) with the data of Table 4)

Collective model^a

395.29

395.88

94.61

27.57

452.22

454.12

135.85

40.00

Sum of models^b

380.41

377.59

20.79

27.18

435.52

441.11

48.08

42.28