Variable

Inspection type

ADF test

value

1% level threshold

5% level threshold

10% level threshold

Conclusion

GDP

(0, 0, 5)

2.71515

−2.61606

−1.94665

−1.61312

Unstable

CIV

(0, 0, 3)

−0.00299

−2.60279

−1.94616

−1.61340

Unstable

LnGDP

(0, 0, 5)

2.38193

−2.60616

−1.94665

−1.61312

Unstable

LnCIV

(0, 0, 3)

1.21909

−2.60279

−1.94616

−1.61340

Unstable