Outcome

Included studies

Included participants

Heterogeneity Chi-squared (p)

I-Squared (%)

95% CI

P

Maternal fasting plasma glucose control

5

711

3.27 (p = 0.51)

0.0

SMD 0.13 (−0.02 to 0.28)

0.09

Maternal postprandial plasma glucose control

7

798

14.41 (p = 0.03)

58

SMD 0.05 (−0.09 to 0.19)

0.45

Glycosylated haemoglobin control

4

584

5.51 (p = 0.14)

46

SMD 0.08 (−0.08 to 0.24)

0.35

Neonatal birth weight

8

849

6.84 (p = 0.45)

0.0

SMD 0.21 (0.08 to 0.35)

0.002

Neonatal hypoglycaemia

7

829

6.88 (p = 0.33)

13

RR 2.27 (1.47 to 3.51)

0.0002

Large for gestational age

5

661

9.99 (p = 0.04)

60

RR 1.60 (1.06 to 2.41)

0.03