| Species | walking | Habitat | types of theory of mind |
| human-bonobo-chimpanzee ancestor | quadrupedalism | forest | no theory of mind |
| early hominins | bipedalism | mixed | specialists in division of labor (home-exploration) |
| early Homos | bipedalism | open | specialists in division of labor (hunter-gatherer) |
| middle Homos | bipedalism | open | specialists in division of labor (complex production) |
| late Homos | bipedalism | open | mind reading in complex social interactions |
| Homo Sapiens in the Upper Paleolithic Period | bipedalism | harsh | imaginary specialists in division of labor (human-supernatural) |