Independent Mand	A verbal behavior cusp that enables one to emit verbal operants that occur under conditions of deprivation and specify their reinforcers.	Speaker Immersion Protocol [61]
	New Learning Possibilities: Independent mands allow one to mediate his/her environment. The emission of this cusp marks a significant step toward one’s individual independence. The child who emits independent mands is not verbal yet.
Independent Tact	A verbal behavior cusp that enables one to emit verbal operants that occur under non-verbal stimulus control and are reinforced by social attention.	Intensive Tact Protocol [60] [62] [63] [64] [65] [66]
	New Learning Possibilities: Independent tacts allow one to recruit adult social attention as a reinforcer under social learning conditions. Sets the stage for conversational units and self-talk conversational units, say/do correspondence and BiN. Necessary for further advancement in the social functions of verbal behavior as well as the joining of listener and speaker.
Intraverbal	A verbal behavior cusp that enables one to emit vocal response that is different from the vocal antecedents of others. may enhances component composite and composite component derived relations, inherent in young children’s aloud self-talk [68]	Say-Do Correspondence and Self-Talk [67] [68]
	New Learning Possibilities: Intraverbal is a component of the conversational units and allows one to answer questions in academic studies and more importantly, to emit social responses with others. The acquisition of intraverbal is one of the key prerequisites for BiN.
Transformation of Establishing Operations across Mands and Tacts	A verbal behavior cusp that results in the emergence of the untaught function after mastery of one function with the corresponding establishing operations. Prior to this, words leaned in a mand function do not automatically result in the tact function, or vice versa.	Multiple Exemplar Instruction [69]
	New Learning Possibilities: The child will no longer require direction instruction for the untaught functions.
Autoclitics	A verbal behavior cusp that enables one to emit autoclitics under different mand/tact conditions without direct instruction.	Multiple Exemplar Instruction [11] [69] [70]
	New Learning Possibilities: The five types of autoclitics allow one to describe, qualify, quantify, manipulate, and relate to tacts and mands. With the establishment of a correct reinforcement history in place, the entire structural unit with the tact and autoclitic, the mand and autoclitic functions a tact or mand.
Textual Response	A verbal behavior cusp that enables one to emit correspondence between textual stimuli and vocal responses.	Auditory Matching for Textual Responses Protocol [71] Read and Do Correspondence [72] Conditioned Reinforcement for Books and Acquisition of Textual Responses [73]
	New Learning Possibilities: The see-say relation expands individuals’ verbal communities beyond auditory stimuli, and introduces print stimuli as verbal. See-say responses can become fluent and include comprehension.