S/N | Type of Pests | Pest name | Causative agent | Effects | Sources |
1 | Bacterial disease | Bacterial Blight | Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae | Yield losses 20% - 30% | [36] |
2 | Bacterial Blast | Magnaporthe oryzae | Yield losses 11.9% to 37.8% | [37] | |
3 | Virus disease | Rice yellow mottle disease | Rice yellow mottle virus | Yield losses 20% - 80% | [38] |
4 | Fungus disease | Brown leaf spot | Helminthosporium spp | Significance losess | [39] |
5 | Sheath rot | Acrocylindrium oryzae | Yield losses 20% - 80% | [35] [39] | |
6 | Insects | African armyworm | Spodoptera exempta | Significance losess | [40] |
7 | White stem borer | Maliarpha seperatella | Significance losess | [40] | |
8 | Stalk-eyed fly | Diopsis thoracica | Significance losess | [40] | |
9 | Spotted stem borer | Chilo partellus | Significance losess | [40] | |
10 | African pink borer | Sesamia calamistis | Significance losess | [40] | |
11 | African Rice Gall Midge | Orseolia oryzivora | Significance losess | [41] | |
12 | Flea beetles | Chaetocnema varicornis | Significance losess | [41] | |
13 | Rodents | African soft-furred mouse | Mastomys natalensis | Pre-harvest loss 10% - 12% | [42] [43] |
14 | African grass rat | Arvicanthis niloticus | Pre-harvest loss 10% - 12% | [42] [43] | |
15 | The house mouse | Mus musculus | Stored rice (Significant losess) | [44] | |
16 | The black rat | Rattus rattus L | Stored rice (Significant losses) | [44] | |
17 | Birds | Red-billed quelea | Quelea quelea | Yield losses 15.2% | [45] |
18 | African Golden-Weaver | Ploceus subaureus | Yield losses 15% | [46] | |
19 | Black-headed weaver | Ploceus melanocephalus | Yield losses 15% | [46] | |
20 | Nematode | Root-knot nematodes | Meloidegyne graminicola | Significance losess | [14] |
21 | Weeds | Nutgrass | Cyperus rotundus | Yield losses 28% to 89% | [47] |
22 | Common barnyard grass | Echinochloa crus-galli | Yield losses 28% to 89% | [47] | |
23 | Yellow nutsedg | Cyperus esculentus | Yield losses 28% to 89% | [47] | |
24 | Red rice | Oryza longistaminata | Yield losses 28% to 89% | [47] | |
25 | Chickenspike | Sphenoclea zeylanica | Yield losses 28% to 89% | [47] | |
26 | Saramollagrass | Ischaemum rugosum | Yield losses 28% to 89% | [47] | |
27 | African wild rice | Oryza barthii | Yield losses 28% to 89% | [47] | |
28 | Nees | Asteracantha longifolia | Yield losses 28% to 89% | [47] |