S/N

Type of Pests

Pest name

Causative agent

Effects

Sources

1

Bacterial disease

Bacterial Blight

Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae

Yield losses 20% - 30%

[36]

2

Bacterial Blast

Magnaporthe oryzae

Yield losses 11.9% to 37.8%

[37]

3

Virus disease

Rice yellow mottle disease

Rice yellow mottle virus

Yield losses 20% - 80%

[38]

4

Fungus disease

Brown leaf spot

Helminthosporium spp

Significance losess

[39]

5

Sheath rot

Acrocylindrium oryzae

Yield losses 20% - 80%

[35] [39]

6

Insects

African armyworm

Spodoptera exempta

Significance losess

[40]

7

White stem borer

Maliarpha seperatella

Significance losess

[40]

8

Stalk-eyed fly

Diopsis thoracica

Significance losess

[40]

9

Spotted stem borer

Chilo partellus

Significance losess

[40]

10

African pink borer

Sesamia calamistis

Significance losess

[40]

11

African Rice Gall Midge

Orseolia oryzivora

Significance losess

[41]

12

Flea beetles

Chaetocnema varicornis

Significance losess

[41]

13

Rodents

African soft-furred mouse

Mastomys natalensis

Pre-harvest loss 10% - 12%

[42] [43]

14

African grass rat

Arvicanthis niloticus

Pre-harvest loss 10% - 12%

[42] [43]

15

The house mouse

Mus musculus

Stored rice (Significant losess)

[44]

16

The black rat

Rattus rattus L

Stored rice (Significant losses)

[44]

17

Birds

Red-billed quelea

Quelea quelea

Yield losses 15.2%

[45]

18

African Golden-Weaver

Ploceus subaureus

Yield losses 15%

[46]

19

Black-headed weaver

Ploceus melanocephalus

Yield losses 15%

[46]

20

Nematode

Root-knot nematodes

Meloidegyne graminicola

Significance losess

[14]

21

Weeds

Nutgrass

Cyperus rotundus

Yield losses 28% to 89%

[47]

22

Common barnyard grass

Echinochloa crus-galli

Yield losses 28% to 89%

[47]

23

Yellow nutsedg

Cyperus esculentus

Yield losses 28% to 89%

[47]

24

Red rice

Oryza longistaminata

Yield losses 28% to 89%

[47]

25

Chickenspike

Sphenoclea zeylanica

Yield losses 28% to 89%

[47]

26

Saramollagrass

Ischaemum rugosum

Yield losses 28% to 89%

[47]

27

African wild rice

Oryza barthii

Yield losses 28% to 89%

[47]

28

Nees

Asteracantha longifolia

Yield losses 28% to 89%

[47]