Variable

Laparoscopic group (n = 12)

Open group (n = 13)

P value

operation time (min)

230.00 ± 28.60

213.85 ± 33.55

0.210

bleeding volume (ml)

89.58 ± 32.99

133.46 ± 44.51

0.011

number of lymph nodes (n)

22.25 ± 6.48

17.53 ± 3.75

0.035