No.

The Assumption

Comments on the Assumption

Incoming Radiation from the Sun

1.

There are no energy sources other than radiation from the sun.

There are many other energy sources, including nuclear reactions at the Earth’s core, nuclear decay, primordial cooling, tidal effects from the moon, etc. [13] .

2.

The incoming radiation (342 watts/m²) remains constant.

The Earth spins and therefore cannot have a constant incoming sunlight flux. The sun’s output changes daily and follows an 11-year sunspot cycle. Earth has an elliptical orbit which changes the incoming radiation flux. The Earth tilts each year, creating the four seasons, which change the location of the incoming flux and amount of reflective surfaces.

3.

The albedo (the amount of reflection from clouds, snow, sea ice, glaciers, and land) does not change.

The albedo is not constant. Clouds are constantly changing. Snow cover varies on the land between 35 to 60 degrees latitude for part of the year [18] . Forest fires and volcanoes produce particles that can stay in the atmosphere for years. These factors constantly change the albedo.

Outgoing Infrared Radiation from the Earth

4.

A world average temperature is used to represent an average Infrared Radiation Energy Flux. (Figure 1 shows 390 watts/m² for surface radiation.)

Radiation energy varies with the temperatures to the fourth power. Averaging is an arithmetic calculation in the first power. This is discussed with examples in Paragraph 2.5. The infrared energy shown in the IPCC model emitted from the surface is 390 watts/m². It should be 12% higher, or 437 watts/m².

5.

The Earth is composed of a single material that emits radiation as if it were a blackbody with an emissivity of 1.

The Earth’s surface is made up of millions of materials of different colors, shapes, roughness, phases (liquid/solid), etc., and can vary from 0.28 (gravel), 0.8 (snow), 0.9 (sand) to 0.95 (water) [19] . Clouds have an emissivity around 0.79% ± 6% [20] .

Factors Concerning the Heat Balance

6.

Earth does not have any heat modulating systems such as oceans.

Oceans modulate the temperature. The ocean contains 98.89% of the heat when compared to the atmosphere at 1.11% [21] . It stores energy when the temperature rises and releases it when the temperatures drop. If the atmosphere rose 100˚F, the oceans would only rise 1˚F. Water is the biggest reason Venus and Mars are not currently habitable [22] .

7.

There is no volcanism, hurricanes, earthquakes, forest fires, or any other natural event.

These factors can affect the heat balance.

8.

There is no biology.

Biology consumes, releases, and stores vast amounts of energy. These energy stores are included in mountains of limestone, granite, hematite, coal, oil shale, etc., as well as massive reservoirs of crude oil and natural gas.