Hypertension Genetically triggered thoracic aortic disease | |
| Marfan syndrome Bicuspid aortic valve Loeys-Dietz syndrome Vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome |
Congenital diseases/syndromes | |
| Coarctation of the aorta Turner syndrome Tetralogy of Fallot |
Atherosclerosis | |
| Penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer |
Trauma, blunt, or iatrogenic | |
| Catheter/stent Intraaortic balloon pump Aortic/vascular surgery Motor vehicle accident Coronary artery bypass surgery/aortic valve replacement |
Cocaine use | Catecholamine induced acute hypertension |
Inflammatory/infectious diseases | |
| Giant cell arteritis Takayasu arteritis Behet’s disease (immune mediated small-vessel systemic vasculitis) Aortitis Syphilis |
Pregnancy | Hypertension precipitates proximal aortic dissection and aortic rupture, commonly occurs during 3rd trimester or during the first stage of labour |