Household income

(yen/year)

Total (N = 2946)

High

(N = 656)

Middle (N = 1696)

Low (N = 594)

p for trend

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Age (year)

56.9 ± 14.5

52.0 ± 12.7

56.6 ± 15.0

63.3 ± 12.7

<0.001a

Men (%)

43.7%

40.8%

46.3%

39.1%

0.032b

Height (cm)

159.3 ± 9.2

160.9 ± 8.8

159.8 ± 9.1

156.1 ± 8.9

<0.001a

Weight (kg)

59.1 ± 11.6

59.3 ± 12.1

59.7 ± 11.7

57.3 ± 10.8

<0.001a

Body mass index (kg/m2)

23.2 ± 3.5

22.7 ± 3.4

23.3 ± 3.4

23.4 ± 3.5

<0.001a

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

132.9 ± 19.9

128.0 ± 19.0

132.6 ± 19.4

139.3 ± 20.3

<0.001a

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

80.3 ± 11.4

79.6 ± 11.4

80.3 ± 11.3

81.1 ± 11.8

0.05a

Random blood glucose (mg/dl)

104.2 ± 33.8

99.6 ± 25.7

103.7 ± 33.9

110.5 ± 40.2

<0.001a

HbA1c (%)

5.4 ± 0.8

5.4 ± 0.7

5.4 ± 0.8

5.5 ± 0.9

0.002a

Total cholesterol (mg/dl)

206.0 ± 35.4

207.8 ± 34.6

205.3 ± 34.5

206.2 ± 38.5

0.31a

LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl)

119.1 ± 31.2

119.9 ± 30.7

119.1 ± 30.3

117.9 ± 34.0

0.52a

HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl)

62.3 ± 16.1

64.3 ± 16.3

62.1 ± 15.7

60.5 ± 16.8

<0.001a

Triglycerides (mg/dl)

136.5 ± 99.1

133.3 ± 96.3

132.4 ± 90.0

151.8 ± 122.7

<0.001a

Household size (person)

3.0 ± 1.5

3.6 ± 1.4

3.0 ± 1.5

2.3 ± 1.5

<0.001a

Population size of municipalities

<50,000 (%)

19.5%

57.9%

22.6%

0.002b

≥50,000 - <150,000 (%)

20.3%

57.8%

21.9%

≥150,000 (%)

25.1%

57.3%

17.7%