Task | Age of child (in months) | ||||||
18 mos. | 24 mos. | 30 mos. | 36 mos. | ||||
Cognitive skills | |||||||
Gender self-labeling (percentage correct) | 68% | 88%a | 93%d | ||||
Labeling of friend | 43% | 37%b | 39%b | ||||
Nonverbal sorting (placing pictures in boxes) | 48% | 56%a,d | 69%a | 84% | |||
Sorting to verbal cues | 22% | 67% | 90% | 96% | |||
Correct use of gender words | |||||||
Mom/Dad | 98% | 97%c | 100% | ||||
Boy/Girl | 75%d | 88%d | 98% | ||||
Man/Woman | 53%d | 79%d | 94% | ||||
He/She | 42%a | 79%a | 91% | ||||
Her/Him | 27%a | 63%a,d | 83% | ||||
Stereotype learning | |||||||
Clothes (percentage identifying correctly) | 37%a | 59%a | 74% | ||||
Toys | 24% | 38% | 53% | ||||
Tasks | - | 32%c | 39%c | ||||
Occupations | - | 27%b,c | 35%b,c | ||||
Preference behavior | |||||||
Percentage of time spent with same-sex toys | 32% | 42%a | 45%a | 62% | |||
Percentage of time spent with other-sex toys | 25% | 25% | 25%a | 21%a | |||
Percentage same-sex photo choice as playmate | 33% | 52% | |||||
Sex of actual playmates (percentage same sex) | 57%b | 67%b | 73% |