| Source of variability | Quadratic sum | Degree of freedom | Mean square | F |
| Pre-test of PE | 5.713 | 1 | 5.713 | 17.002*** |
| Between-group | 1.082 | 1 | 1.082 | 3.220 (p = .08) |
| Intra-group | 13.105 | 39 | .336 |
|
| Total | 309.194 | 42 |
|
|