76 | Norman I.D. and Aviisah, M.A. (2015). Does Corruption Manifest Post Traumatic Stress Disorder? Donnish Journal of Neuroscience and Behavioral Health, Vol 1(2) pp. 012-020. http://www.donnishjournals.org/djnbh. 96. | 1/2 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 2 | The root cause of corruption in the public sector i.e. police in Ghana could be traced to economic shocks and stresses exacerbated by political instabilities over time. |
77 | Norman ID, Aikins M, Binka FN, Awiah B (2014). Ghana’s Legal Preparedness against the perceived threat of Narcotics trafficking and Terrorism: A case study for West Africa, Issues in Business Management and Economics Vol.2(11): 201-209. | 1/2 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 2 | West African Nations are not prepared to enforce legislation even if such exist. This may exacerbate the perceived corrupt conduct of police. |
78 | Norman, I. D. (2013). Separation of Church and State: A Study of Accra City’s Use of Public Buildings and Schools for Religious Services in Ghana. Advances in Applied Sociology, 3(07), 282. | 1/2 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 2 | Ghanaians appear to have conflicted personalities: “one for Caesar and the other for God”. |
79 | Norman, I. D., Aikins, M., & Binka, F. N. (2010). Sexual harassment and health among the immigration, police and fire services of Ghana. Pilot study. Unpublished, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana. | 1/2 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 2 | Ghana has not developed ethical codes specific to the cultural and traditional settings with members of society and engagement with outside partners. |
80 | Norman, I., Awiah, B. M., Aikins, M. K., & Binka, F. N. (2014). The review of Ghana’s legislative preparedness to critical national risks: Terrorism and money laundering. Retrieved from http://journalissues.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Norman-et-al.pdf | 1/2 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 2 | Ethical values are not operationalized exactly in SSA as by western industrialized nations. |
81 | Prest, L. A., & Keller, J. F. (1993). SPIRITUALITY AND FAMILY THERAPY: SPIRITAL BELIEFS, MYTHS, AND METAPHORS*. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 19(2), 137-148. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Spiritual belief system/ethical edification is a possible alternative for curtailing undesirable behavior such as corruption. |
82 | RAMACHANDRAN, V. A. GELB, and M. K.SHAH (2009), Africa’s Private Sector: What’s wrong with the Business Environment and What to do About It. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Private sector development and growth causes an upward mobility of the middle class in SSA. |
83 | Ravallion, M., & Huppi, M. (1991). Measuring changes in poverty: a methodological case study of Indonesia during an adjustment period. The World Bank Economic Review, 5(1), 57-82. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Categories of professional classes indicates progressive economic growth and reduction in the income inequality gap in SSA. |
84 | RAVALLION, M., S. CHEN and P. SANGRAULA (2008), “Dollar a Day Revisited”, Policy Research Working Paper 4620, World Bank, Washington, DC. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Growth in size of economy in SSA indicates a reduction in poverty and inequality. |