35

Di Tella, R. and Savedoff, W.D., eds. 2001. Diagnosis corruption: Fraud in Latin America’s public hospitals. Inter American Development Bank: Washington, DC.

http://www.iadb.org/en/research-and-data/publicationdetails,3169.html?pub_id=b-133f

1/2

1/2

1/2

1/2

2

Corruption is a critical obstacle to social development,

well-functioning democratic institutions, and economic

progress in developing

countries’ public sector.

36

Di Tella, R., Schargrodsky, E. 2003. “The role of wages and auditing during a crackdown on corruption in the city of Buenos Aires”. Journal of Law & Economics 46, 269-292. http://www.lacea.org/meeting2000/RafaelDiTella2.PDF

1/2

1/2

1/2

1/2

2

Higher-than market clearing wages alone is insufficient

to deter corruption in the public sector.

37

Durham, Jr., CW (2008). State and Religion in America: Problems and Perspective; Brigham Young

University Law Library, Provo, Utah http://www.iclrs.org/10/4/2011

0

0

0

0

0

It is challenging to completely separate religious beliefs from politics/state/circular life.

38

Easterly, W. & Ross, L. (1997). Africa’s Growth Tragedy: Policies and Ethnic Divisions. https://williameasterly.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/17_easterly_levine_africasgrowthtragedy_prp.pdf

0

0

0

0

0

A higher share of income for a middle class that is less

ethnically divided translates into growth and development.

39

Easterly, W. (2001). The Middle Class Consensus and Economic Development. Journal of Economic Growth, 6: 317?35.

0

0

0

0

0

A higher share of income for a middle class that is less

ethnically divided translates into growth and development.

40

Easterly, W. (2007). Inequality Does Cause Underdevelopment: Insights from a New Instrument. Journal of Development Economics, 84: 755?76.

1/2

1/2

1/2

1/2

2

Corruption sustained by the professional class in SSA begets inequality which does cause underdevelopment.

41

Emanuel, E. J., & Emanuel, L. L. (1992). Four models of the

physician-patient relationship.

Jama, 267(16), 2221-2226.

0

0

0

0

0

The informative model for bioethical principles such as

paternalism and autonomy is dominant in industrialized

nations than in SSA.

42

Ewusi, K. (1987). Structural

Adjustment and Stabilization

Policies in Developing Countries: A Case study of Ghana’s Experience in 1983-1986. GPC, Tema.

1/2

1/2

1/2

1/2

2

Corruption affects economic malaise.

43

Fanon, Frantz. 1961. The Pitfalls of National Consciousness, Chapter 3. The Wretched of the Earth, (https://www.marxists.org/subject/africa/fanon/pitfalls-national.htm )

1/2

1/2

1/2

1/2

2

The national professional class i.e. police fail to drive

industrialization, acts as an intermediary between the

nation and foreigners; incapable of fulfilling its role as

bourgeoisie, operating only for private gain.