Method of organic waste disposal

Advantages

Disadvantages

GHG production/ tonne of waste

Energy production/ tonne of waste

References

Landfilling

Disposal of a large amount of waste at a time

Increasing limited availability of space

350 kg CO₂-e

0.00078 KW of electricity

Dastjerdi, Strezov [6] ,

EPA [9] ,

Lu, Qu [7] ,

Emission Assurance Reduction Committee [10] ,

Sustainability Victoria [21]

Environmental pollution via landfill gas production

Groundwater contamination and negative impacts on human health

Emission of large quantities of greenhouse gas into the atmosphere after closure

Incineration

Reduction of waste mass and volume by up to 75% and 90%

Suitability of waste for incineration remains challenging

1396.45 kg of CO₂-e

0.000047 KW of electricity

EIA [11] ,

Kristanto and Koven [12] , Dastjerdi, Strezov [6] ,

Lu, Qu [7]

Heat and electricity production

Composting

Simple to operate

Potential for large quantities of methane to be produced and emitted if poorly conducted

171.52 kg CO₂-e

NIL

Lu, Qu [7] , Kristanto and Koven (2019)

Stabilisation of organic waste

Production of valuable compost with high agricultural value

Hygiene concerns in densely populated areas

Constant monitoring

Anaerobic digestion

Natural biodegradation of organic matter

Strict requirements involved which may incur high costs

GHG saving/tonne of waste

222.3 KWh of electricity

Phong [18] ,

Carlu, Truong [20] , Gebrezgabher, Meuwissen [19]

143 kg of CO₂-e