Characteristics

% of T1DM (n = 84)

% of Ref subjects (n = 194)

Ethnic origin

Sindhi

Punjabi

Pathan

Baloch

Socioeconomic status

Poor

Middle class

Rich

Type of Diabetes in Parents

Type-2 Diabetes

Gestational Diabetes

No

Schooling

Primary

Elementary

No

Diet

Meat

Once a week

Twice a week

Once a month

Twice a month

Rarely

Fruit

Once a week

Twice a week

Once a month

Twice a month

Rarely

77.3 (65)

11.90 (10)

5.9 (5)

4.76 (4)

29.7 (25)

42.8 (36)

27.3 (23)

23.8 (20)

5.9 (5)

70.2 (59)

35.7 (30)

22.6 (19)

41.6 (35)

21.4 (18)

41.6 (35)

19.04 (16)

11.90 (10)

5.95 (5)

9.52 (10)

29.7 (25)

33.3 (28)

16.6 (14)

8.33 (7)

86.6 (170)

6.18 (12)

4.12 (8)

2.06 (4)

41.2 (80)

36.2 (70)

22.6 (44)

38.6 (75)

6.18 (12)

55.5 (107)

23.1 (45)

32.9 (64)

43.8 (85)

25.77 (50)

18.04 (35)

33.5 (65)

15.46 (30)

7.21 (14)

27.8 (54)

20.61 (40)

16.49 (32)

20.10 (39)

14.9 (29)