Levels

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Level 4

Level 5

Level 6

Reference value (µg・L−1)

0.400

1.000

2.000

4.000

6.000

8.000

Maximum acceptable deviation (%)

60%

40%

30%

30%

20%

20%

Precision

Repeatability standard deviation (Sr)

0.007

0.018

0.028

0.037

0.066

0.069

Intermediate precision standard deviation (SR)

0.013

0.019

0.027

0.048

0.084

0.113

Repeatability coefficient of variation (CVr)

1.70%

1.78%

1.39%

0.93%

1.10%

0.86%

Intermediate precision coefficient of variation (CVR)

3.31%

1.93%

1.35%

1.20%

1.39%

1.41%

Relative uncertainty of precision (k = 2)

6.6%

3.9%

2.7%

2.4%

2.8%

2.8%

Trueness

Estimated average value

0.398

1.002

2.006

3.995

6.026

8.013

Relative bias (%)

−0.56%

0.23%

0.28%

−0.12%

0.44%

0.16%

Maximum acceptable bias (%)

60.0%

40.0%

30.0%

30.0%

20.0%

20.0%

Normalized deviation (ND)

0.201

0.114

0.050

0.031

0.148

0.069

Conclusion: bias is

negligible

negligible

negligible

negligible

negligible

negligible

Accuracy study

Upper acceptance limit

0.6400

1.4000

2.6000

5.2000

7.2000

9.6000

Upper tolerance limit

0.4241

1.0410

2.0596

4.0912

6.1937

8.2393

Lower tolerance limit

0.3714

0.9636

1.9515

3.8996

5.8590

7.7870

Lower acceptance limit

0.1600

0.6000

1.4000

2.8000

4.8000

6.4000

Conclusion: accuracy is

verified

verified

verified

verified

verified

verified

Fisher test

Fobserved

0.0004

0.0020

0.0048

0.016

0.0350

0.061

ß risk

ß risk (%)

1.37E-08%

1.65E-09%

2.12E-09%

3.70E-10%

5.32E-07%

5.25E-07%

Accuracy profile compared to bias

Acceptance limit (%) ±

60%

40%

30%

30%

20%

20%

Bias (%)

−0.56%

0.23%

0.28%

−0.12%

0.44%

0.16%

Upper limit of bias tolerance interval (%)

6.0%

4.1%

3.0%

2.3%

3.2%

3.0%

Lower limit of bias tolerance interval (%)

−7.1%

−3.6%

−2.4%

−2.5%

−2.4%

−2.7%

Estimation of the expanded relative uncertainty

7%

4%

3%

2%

3%

3%