Stems

Tensile stress (MPa)

Young’s modulus (GPa)

Aspect ratio (L/D)

Contact angle (˚)

E4

T.E4

E4

T.E4

E4

T.E4

E4

T.E4

Narrow

502.664 ± 56.85

249.01 ± 30.03

54.76 ± 3.72

39.94 ± 3.13

14,979.31 ± 118.56

12,405.5 ± 345.59

112.1 ± 6.43

126.25 ± 17.53

Medium

446.90 ± 77.62

385.34 ± 33.99

55.50 ± 5.20

54.61 ± 2.89

14,056.47 ± 114.54

13,841.52 ± 274.23

122.45 ± 12.38

127.53 ± 15.24

Wide

237.16 ± 50.13

217.86 ± 16.16

40.45 ± 3.65

34.57 ± 1.82

13119.41 ± 451.99

12,613.54 ± 345.22

128.72 ± 16.43

130.39 ± 16.72