Symptom

Form of evaluation

Possible Nursing interventions,

Evaluation of achieving the objective of the intervention,

Pain

Conduct a physical exam and complete medical history, taking into consideration vital signs, bearing and attitude, pain assessment scales and verbal or gesture

expressions of the patient

Analgesia as needed; taking vital signs; reassess the pain scale and implement alternative treatments, taking into account the culture and beliefs of the family and the patient; The use of the analgesic ladder of the World Health Organization is recognized as a tool for pain control

Assessment and anamnesis, taking vital signs, bearing and attitude (mental assessment); The group points out the need to involve the family throughout the entirety of the care process for the effective control of this symptom

Anorexia

Personal history, in depth interview that evaluates psycho-social-nutritional aspects, physical evaluation, body mass index, taking anthropometric measurements, assessment of alimentary and nutritional habits that allow to determine if the anorexia is voluntary or secondary to a pathological starvation disorder

Introduce probe of enteral nutrition or parenteral nutrition, remission to a nutritionist or a psychiatrist

Improved nutritional status, recovery of the nutritional appetite

Cachexia

Muscle evaluation (tone, strength and size), body mass index, skin folds, cutaneous turgor, anamnesis, physical musculoskeletal and integumentary assessment

Nutritional assessment to start the required replacement, avoid pressure areas by making changes in position, make curves of mass and weight gain, promote protein and calorie intake (depending on the clinical condition), promote physical activities according to the condition (passive exercises) to avoid further muscle deterioration or preservation

Assess muscle mass and if necessary paraclinical to assess micronutrient levels; assess pressure zones; curve analysis to identify if the person is making an adequate contribution; assessing muscle tone and strength in order to identify muscular atrophies

Fatigue

Perform anamnesis in relation to activities the person has discontinued, either for their physical and psychological condition

It is not presented

It is not presented

Diarrhea

Frequency, fever, presence of blood, texture, food, smell, color, gastrointestinal habits, grade of dehydration, oral tolerance of pain; Evaluate the use of home remedies and its relationship with the appearance of the symptom

Control of vital signs, fluid control, anti-diarrheal management, changes in nutrition, administration of liquids and electrolytes and weight control

Decreased diarrhea and dehydration improvement

Nausea

Specific anamnesis of the symptom, oral tolerance and identify drugs that could cause side effects and/or foods that can cause this symptom;

It is important to assess environment and food preparation as trigger factors of the symptom

Recommend replacing the foods that cause the nausea and administer antiemetic

Decreased nausea and restarting the digestion

Vomit

Frequency, color, texture, causes that generate it, investigate treatment received (pharmacological and non-pharmacological), food preparation and food triggers

Administer antiemetic, modify diet, fluid control, administer fluids, weight control

Decreased vomiting and improved hydration