Point of obstruction | Differential diagnosis | Treatments available |
Foramen of Monro | Tumor Congenital absence Ventriculitis Functional | Shunt (unilateral or bilateral) Endoscopic septum opening |
Aqueduct of Sylvius | Tumor Birth defect Secondary | Shunt Endoscopic third ventriculostomy |
4th Ventricle foramina | Infection Tumor Severe Chiari Malformation | Shunt Endoscopic third ventriculostomy Surgical opening |
Spinal to cortical subarachnoid space | Subarachnoid hemorrhage Infection | Shunt (ventriculo- or lumboperitoneal) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy |
Arachnoid villi | Hemorrhage Infection | Shunt (ventriculo- or lumboperitoneal) Neuroendoscopic lavage |
Venous hypertension | Pseudotumor Congenital hydrocephalus Sinus thrombosis | Shunt (ventriculo- or lumboperitoneal) Clot lysis Bariatric surgery for obesity-related pseudotumor |