(cm²) Muscles CSA

Young age

Middle age

Old age

F

Overall P-value

L3/4

Multifidus

Right side

8.67 ± (2.616)

8.14 ± (2.627)

9.29 ± (6.732)

1.209

0.301

Left side

7.76 ± (2.153)

6.75 ± (1.887)

6.83 ± (2.074)

5.314

Overall P-value = 0.006*

Young VS Middle age = 0.009*

Young VS Old age = 0.009*

Erector spinae

Right side

20.32 ± (5.59)

21.18 ± (6.002)

22.22 ± (6.236)

1.598

0.205

Left side

19.62 ± (4.758)

19.57 ± (5.157)

20.41 ± (5.488)

0.492

0.612

L4/5

Multifidus

Right side

9.72 ± (2.183)

8.72 ± (2.103)

8.63 ± (2.343)

5.15

0.007

Left side

9.23 ± (2.191)

8.41 ± (2.065)

8.33 ± (2.326)

3.504

Over all P-value = 0.032*

Young VS Middle age = 0.020*

Young VS Old age = 0.020*

Erector spinae

Right side

17.53 ± (4.024)

19.69 ± (21.67)

18.01 ± (4.978)

0.496

0.609

Left side

17.8 ± (4.284)

17.14 ± (3.637)

17.8 ± (4.605)

0.584

0.558

L5/S1

Multifidus

Right side

10.24 ± (2.751)

9.06 ± (3.042)

9.43 ± (3.252)

2.977

0.053

Left side

9.74 ± (2.82)

8.77 ± (2.665)

9.02 ± (3.289)

2.172

0.117

Erector spinae

Right side

14.21 ± (4.311)

14.5 ± (9.847)

14.22 ± (4.444)

0.039

0.962

Left side

13.63 ± (4.556)

13.67 ± (9.385)

13.36 ± (4.356)

0.037

0.964