| Variables | Positive | Negative |
| Frequency (%) | ||
| Alcohol | 34 (24.2) | 106 (75.8) |
| Smoking | 7 (5) | 133 (95.0) |
| Systemic hypertension | 68 (48.6) | 72 (51.4) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 28 (20.0) | 112 (80.0) |
| Hearing defect | 17 (12.1) | 123 (87.9) |