Group I (n = 44)

Group II (n = 40)

Group III (n = 49)

Group IV (n = 47)

p

Sex (male/female)

21/23

17/23

45/4

27/20

<0.001*

Age

53.91 ± 7.10

53.50 ± 7.27

54.96 ± 8.04

57.53^# ± 6.43

0.04*

BMI

26.55 ± 2.09

27.99 ± 2.56

27.77 ± 2.34

30.43*^#Δ ± 3.56

<0.001*

HTN (%)

52.3

65.0

34.7

80.9

<0.001*

Smoking (%)

25.0

17.5

65.3

29.8

<0.001*

LVEF (%)

60.32 ± 6.49

58.88 ± 8.75

54.53* ± 8.13

53.02*^# ± 8.28

<0.001*

LV mass index (gm/m²)

96.34 ± 30.16

93.75 ± 28.70

78.63*^# ± 24.98

92.64 ± 23.51

0.01*

S. Creatinine (mg/dl)

0.93 ± 0.15

0.94 ± 0.15

0.98 ± 0.17

0.99 ± 0.18

NS

HbA1c (%)

5.22 ± 0.51

7.14* ± 0.59

5.56*^# ± 0.37

8.51*^#Δ ± 0.53

<0.001*

hs-CRP (mg/dl)

0.59 ± 0.17

0.74 ± 0.19

0.79 ± 0.21

3.39*^#Δ ± 1.25

<0.001*

Total cholesterol (mg/dl)

180.7 ± 11.49

195.6* ± 14.42

256.9*^# ± 28.46

283.0*^#Δ ± 17.77

<0.001*

Triglycerides (mg/dl)

95.61 ± 20.73

166.53* ± 41.01

217.55*^# ± 113.80

272.68*^{# Δ} ± 69.77

<0.001*

HDL-C (mg/dl)

38.91 ± 3.87

33.70* ± 2.67

31.45*^# ± 2.11

31.13*^{# Δ} ± 2.03

<0.001*

LDL-C (mg/dl)

122.5 ± 8.79

128.7 ± 10.61

179.67*^# ± 19.07

197.4*^#Δ ± 14.58

<0.001*

TSP–1 (ng/mL)

498.11 ± 57.10

554.92* ± 52.85

533.80* ± 66.73

606.81*^#Δ ± 46.57

<0.001*

Severity score

-

-

7.37 ± 3.16

9.13 ± 3.40

0.008*

Gensini’s score

-

-

54.73 ± 42.97

59.28 ± 42.05

0.37

Syntax score

-

-

16.45 ± 10.48

18.49 ± 9.92

0.26

Vessel score

-

-

2.02 ± 0.80

2.49 ± 0.69

0.003*

One (n)

-

-

15

5

0.013*

Two (n)

-

-

18

14

Three (n)

-

-

16

28