Nanomaterials

Virus

Mechanism

Graphene oxide

Respiratory syncytial virus

Directly inactivate virus and inhibit attachment

Nanogel

PRRSV

Shield attachment and penetration

Silver nanoparticle

Herpesvirus

Affect viral attachment

Graphene oxide

Herpesvirus

Attachment inhibition

Gold nanoparticles

Herpesvirus

Prevent viral attachment and penetration

Nano-carbon

Herpesvirus

Inhibit virus entry at the early stage

Silicon nanoparticles

Influenza A

Reduce the amount of progeny virus

Ag2S nanoclusters

Coronavirus

Block viral RNA synthesis and building

Copper oxide nanoparticles

Zika virus

As antigen micro carriers for Zk2 peptide of ZIKV

Zirconia nanoparticles

H5N1 Influenza virus

Promote the expression of cytokines

Zinc oxide nanoparticles

H1N1 Influenza virus

Inhibit virus only after viral entry into host cells