Nanomaterials | Virus | Mechanism |
Graphene oxide | Respiratory syncytial virus | Directly inactivate virus and inhibit attachment |
Nanogel | PRRSV | Shield attachment and penetration |
Silver nanoparticle | Herpesvirus | Affect viral attachment |
Graphene oxide | Herpesvirus | Attachment inhibition |
Gold nanoparticles | Herpesvirus | Prevent viral attachment and penetration |
Nano-carbon | Herpesvirus | Inhibit virus entry at the early stage |
Silicon nanoparticles | Influenza A | Reduce the amount of progeny virus |
Ag2S nanoclusters | Coronavirus | Block viral RNA synthesis and building |
Copper oxide nanoparticles | Zika virus | As antigen micro carriers for Zk2 peptide of ZIKV |
Zirconia nanoparticles | H5N1 Influenza virus | Promote the expression of cytokines |
Zinc oxide nanoparticles | H1N1 Influenza virus | Inhibit virus only after viral entry into host cells |