Prediction Error

Before GWO

After GWO (Alpha Position)

After GWO (Alpha Score)

MAE

0.3483

9.4001

6.8822e−09

MAPE

5.0089

9.1000

6.6823e−10

RMSE

0.4822

9.5001

1.5685e−08

SSE

743.2102

8.8999

1.6399e−08