X | Technique | Phase | | ||
X | O | Ref. | |||
28Si | MD | Amorphous Silica | 68.8 | 71.9 | [4] |
DFT | Vitreous (fused) Silica (v-SiO2) | 67.3 | 64.0 | [26] | |
LD | α-Cristobalite | 68.7 | 66.3 | [27] | |
DFT | α-Quartz | 65.2 | 62.2 | [28] | |
Average | 67.5 | 66.1 |
| ||
ECS | Amorphous Silica | 68 ± 2 | 61 ± 3 | [21] | |
48Ti | DFT | Anastase | 47.4 | 54.6 | [29] |
TiO2 II* (Columbite) | 47.1 | 54.3 | [29] | ||
MI* (Baddeleyite) | 48.0 | 56.2 | [29] | ||
OI* (Orthorhombic I) | 48.1 | 57.1 | [29] | ||
OII*(Cotunnite) | 47.6 | 57.0 | [29] | ||
Rutile | 46.3 | 53.9 | [29] | ||
47.3 | 56.2 | [30] | |||
44.8 | 54.5 | [31] | |||
MD | Amorphous Rutile | 48.7 | 58.1 | [32] | |
Rutile Nanoparticle | 49.0 | 58.1 | [32] | ||
Average | 47.4 | 56.0 |
| ||
NRPS | Rutile | 44.7 ± 2 |
| [33] | |
ECS | Polycrystalline Rutile | 48 ± 2 | 53 ± 3 | [34] | |
178Hf | DFT | 1:7 (4-fold:3-fold) 16O vacancies | 42.5 | 62.5 | [3] |
ECS | 20/60 nm Hf16O2/ Hf18O2 surface bilayer |
| 63±3 | [35] |