STEP 1: Initial parameters of ECMPDE including ng, NP, λ i , MaxG and MaxFes; Initialize pop;

X i , d = L d + r a n d ( 0 , 1 ) ( U d L d ) (25);

STPE 2: Evaluate the objective function value and overall constraint violation value of each individual;

STPE 3: Initial the parameters for JADE, jDE and EPSDE; Set Δ f i = 0 and Δ f e s i = 0 ( i = 1 , 2 , 3 ) ;

STPE 4: Set N P i = λ i N P , Randomly assigned based on population size p o p 1 , p o p 2 , p o p 3 and p o p 4 ;

STPE 5: A combination P i is randomly selected from the combination pool;

STPE 6: Execute JADE on p o p 1 , p o p 1 is selected and updated by p o p 1 ( S ) , S { A , B } and calculated in (23) Δ f 1 ;

STPE 7: Execute jDE on p o p 2 , p o p 2 is selected and updated by p o p 2 ( S ) , S { A , B } and calculated in (23) Δ f 2 ;

STPE 8: Execute EPSDE on p o p 3 , p o p 3 is selected and updated by p o p 3 ( S ) , S { A , B } and calculated in (23) Δ f 3 ;

STPE 9: The best combination of the three populations is selected by (24), it will run to the reward population p o p 4 , and calculated (23) and saved Δ f 4 ;

STPE 10: By comparing the optimal solution of the optimal combination of the previous generation with that of the current generation, the successful combination will be preserved;

STPE 11: Combine updated p o p 1 , p o p 2 , p o p 3 and p o p 4 , i.e., p o p = i = 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 p o p i ;

STPE 12: Randomly assigned based on population size p o p 1 , p o p 2 , p o p 3 and p o p 4 ;

STPE 13: Stop if the termination condition is met. If not, k = k + 1, proceed to step 5.