Land use

Horizon

Depth (cm)

Color

Texture

Structure^a

Soil hardness (MPa)

Roots^b

Upland field

Ap1

0 - 16

10YR3/3

LiC

GR/3, CR/2

0.022

VF/c

(STM 1)

Ap2

16 - 30

7.5YR2/3

LiC

GR/3

0.041

VF/c, F/f

AB

30 - 43

7.5YR3/3

HC

SB/2

0.433

VF/c, F/f

Bw1

43 - 70

7.5YR3/4

HC

MA

0.943

VF/f, F/f

Bw2

70 - 90

7.5YR3/4

HC

MA

1.118

VF/f, F/f

2B

90 - 100+

10YR3/4

HC

MA

0.943

VF/vf

Secondary

Oie

+1 - 0

forest

A1

0 - 10

7.5YR2/2

LiC

CR/3

0.154

VF/m, F/c, M/f

(STM 2)

A2

10 - 22

10YR2/1

LiC

CR/3

0.279

VF/c, F/c

A3

22 - 38

10YR1.7/1

HC

CR/2

0.241

VF/c, F/c

A4

38 - 50

7.5YR2/2

HC

SB/2

0.279

VF/c, F/c

Bw1

50 - 72

7.5YR2/3

HC

SB/2

0.503

VF/f, F/f

Bw2

72 - 100+

7.5YR3/4

HC

SB/2

0.503

VF/vf, F/vf