Study | | | | | | |
Objective | To assess linguistic productivity and complexity, grammatical and referential accuracy, event, content, the use of mental state expressions and narrative comprehension in children with SLI | To assess the relative strength of content elaboration and grammatical accuracy of the narratives of each child with SLI | To analyze the oral narratives and the sustained auditory attention and verbal working memory capacities of children with SLI in comparison with their chronological-age peers | To find out whether language productivity measures, (MLU), (%UGS), (TNW), and (NDW) produced by young children during a story retell task, can be used to accurately differentiate monolingual Spanish-speaking children with SLI from TD children | To compare the development of oral language and more specifically narrative skills (storytelling and story retelling) in children with specific language impairment (SLI) with and without literacy delay | To identify the development of morphosyntactic accuracy and grammatical complexity in Dutch school-age children with specific language impairment (SLI) |
Nationality | Finnish | *British Columbia *Texas/Kansas | Dutch | Spanish | Dutch | Dutch |
Sample | 19 children with SLI and 19 typically developing age-matched children | 2 groups of children with (SLI) and their age-matched peers | 34 Dutch children with SLI & 38 Dutch (TD) in the same age range | 25 children with SLI and 25 TLD age-matched peers | 18 children with SLI and 18 matched controls with normal literacy were followed from the last year of kindergarten | 30 monolingual Dutch children with SLI, |
Pre-School children |
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| Yes, between 4.0 and 6.11 | mean age = 5 years 5 months) | 30 typically developing language-matched children, age 4.7 at T1 |
School-aged children | Mean age 6;1 years) | Mean age = 9.0, N = 26; Mean age = 7.6, N = 40) | Mean age = 7.4 years Mean age = 7.9 years | Yes, between 4.0 and 6.11 | until the beginning of grade 3 (mean age = 8 years 1 month | age 6.5 (years; months) at T1; 30 typically developing peers, age 6.6 at T1 |
Methodology/ instruments | Picture-elicited narrations | Test of Narrative Language (TNL; | A story retelling task (The Bus Story) and a story generation task (The Frog Story) | Picture Scripted book-retelling of s story | Longitudinal study-Oral language tests measuring vocabulary, morphology, sentence and text comprehension and narrative skills | Longitudinal study of Language Development in SLI-three-group design using TD language- Storytelling tasks were used to elicit narratives. Two monochrome picture series |