Flame length (m)

NMSE

(%)

FB

(-)

Wind speed

(m∙s⁻¹)

3.56

1.5

2.67

2.67

3.11

3.11

Rate of spread

(cm・s⁻¹)

44

36

21

30

37

47

Observed

3.2

2.4

2

4.3

3

4

Physical model

4.15

2.11

3.47

3.48

4.23

3.99

7.9

0.13

Burrows (Burrows, 1994)

15.39

12.12

10.10

15.9

20.52

17.97

326.3

1.31

Butler et al. (Butler et al., 2004)

7.33

5.96

5.09

7.55

9.41

8.39

80.1

0.80

Byram (Byram, 1959)

4.99

4.32

3.88

5.09

5.93

5.47

23.3

0.46

Catchpole et al. (Catchpole et al., 1998)

5.15

4.33

3.80

5.28

6.35

5.77

27.1

0.49

Clark (Clark, 1983)

5.65

4.15

3.29

5.90

8.19

6.90

45.3

0.55

Fernandes et al. (Fernandes et al., 2009)

6.15

5.20

4.57

6.30

7.54

6.87

48.6

0.65

Fernandes et al. (Fernandes et al., 2000)

3.11

2.70

2.43

3.17

3.69

3.41

4.06

0.006

Nelson (Nelson Jr., 1980)

4.09

3.50

3.11

4.18

4.94

4.53

9.57

0.27

Nelson and Adkins (Nelson Jr. & Adkins, 1986)

4.12

3.53

3.14

4.20

4.95

4.55

9.84

0.28

Van Wilgen (van Wilgen et al., 1985)

4.80

4.09

3.62

4.90

5.81

5.32

20.1

0.42

Vega et al. (Vega et al., 1998)

7.54

6.47

5.76

7.70

9.07

8.33

82.6

0.82