Variable

Description

Export (X)

The value of export; deflated by the export price index.

Exchange rate (ER)

US Dollar per Rial.

Inflation (INF)

Percentage growth of CPI.

Competition (COM)

The number of firms in any industry.

Investment (INV)

The value of investment in industry; measured by division of the value of fixed capital formation in producer price index.

Vector of energy conveyors (EC):

Fuel (FU)

The volume of liquid fuels including gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene, petroleum and furnace oil.

Electricity (EL)

The quantity of consumed electricity.

Gas (G)

The volume of natural gas, consumed by industries.

R & D (RD)

The expenditures on research and development.

Vector of education (EDU):

Under−secondary schooling (UDIP)

The ratio of the number of productive employees who their years of schooling are less than 12 to the whole of productive employees.

Secondary schooling (DIP)

The ratio of the number of productive employees who completed secondary education to the whole of productive employees..

Education in school (SE)

The sum of UDIP and DIP.

Two years college (TC)

The ratio of the number of productive employees with two years education in university to the whole of productive employees.

Bachelor of Arts or Science (BA)

The ratio of the number of productive employees who have graduated in university with BA or BS to the whole of productive employees.

Master of Arts or Science (MA)

The ratio of the number of productive employees who have graduated in university with MA or MS to the whole of productive employees.

Doctor of Philosophy (PHD)

The ratio of the number of productive employees who have PhD degree to the whole of productive employees.

Higher education (HE)

The sum of TC, BA, MA and PhD.