| Sl. No. |
LBF Species |
Depth ranges |
Substrate |
Symbiont |
Reference |
| 1. |
Alveolinella quoyi |
3 - 4 m depth or 20 - 30 m depth [29] ; 15 - 40 m [30] ; reaching upto 100 m depth depending upon the transparency of the water [31] |
Found in 3 - 5 m if algal covered over Coral rubble or at 20 - 30 m depth in stable sediment covered with organic detritus [29] |
Diatom-symbionts |
[4] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] |
| 2. |
Borelis schlumbergeri |
Found in fringing reef within 40 m depth [36] ; 15 - 40 m [30] |
Coral sand and plant substrate [37] |
Diatom-symbiont |
[4] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [38] [39] [40] [41] |
| 3. |
Amphistegina bicirculata |
40 - 130 m [16] ; 40 - 100 m [42] ; 53 - 129 m [43] ; 15 - 40 m [30] |
Firm substrates [44] or coarse sand [43] |
Diatom-symbiont |
[4] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [38] |
| 4. |
Amphistegina lessonii |
15 - 40 m [30] ; ~60 m [16] [45] [46] |
Sandy and coral rubble or hard substratum [6] [7] [16] |
Diatom-symbiont |
[4] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [38] |
| 5. |
Amphistegina lobifera |
Shallowest > 10 m [6] [16] [47] 15 - 40 m [30] |
Coral rubble but rare in reef rock and macro algal or algal turf substrate [6] [16] [17] |
Diatom-symbiont |
[4] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [38] |
| 6. |
Amphistegina papillosa |
Abundant within 20 - 30 m [45] ; 15 - 40 m [30] ; 95 m depth [44] |
Carbonate rich sandy substrate [42] |
Diatom-symbiont |
[4] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [38] |
| 7. |
Amphistegina radiata |
10 - 90 m but abundant shallower about 15 cms deep [6] to 20 m [48] ; 15 - 40 m [30] |
Firm substrates or found attached on coral rubbles [15] [16] [44] [45] |
Diatom-symbiont |
[4] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [38] |
| 8. |
Calcarina calcarinoides |
<5 m down to 30 m depth [49] |
epiphytically attached on algal turf [50] |
Diatom-symbiont |
[4] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [38] |
| 9. |
Calcarina defrancei |
3 - 25 m [6] [16] [48] |
Coral rubble [6] [16] [48] |
Diatom-symbiont |
[4] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [38] |
| 10. |
Calcarina hispida |
>5 m depth [6] [50] [51] 10 - 20 m depth [52] |
Filamentous algal mat [6] [50] [51] |
Diatom-symbiont |
[4] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [38] |
| 11. |
Calcarina spengleri |
Available within 1 - 45 m depth but abundant in 15 - 25 m [6] |
Coral rubble covered by coralline algae; algal turf and Halimeda substate [6] [7] [45] |
Diatom-symbiont |
[4] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [38] |
| 12. |
Neorotalia calcar |
10 - 20 m [7] [15] [45] |
Epiphytic attached to macro algae or sea grass (Halophilas) in coral cay reef [7] [15] [45] |
Diatom-symbiont |
[4] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [38] |
| 13. |
Neorotalia gaimardi |
35 m [17] |
Algal turf, macro algae (Turbinaria and Sargassum) [7] [17] |
Diatom-symbiont |
[4] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [38] |
| 14. |
Nummulites venosus |
10 m [48] ; depth ranges from 15 - 85 m to maximum 35 - 60 m depth [53] [54] |
Coarse sand and less tolerant to clastic sediment input [42] [45] |
Diatom-symbiont |
[4] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [38] |
| 15. |
Operculina ammonoides |
Wider depth distribution |
Soft substratum [7] [30] [45] [48] [55] |
Diatom-bearing |
[4] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [38] |
| 16. |
Heterostegina depressa |
10 m to 90 m [48] or wider depth range [56] |
Solid substrate with coralline algae [6] [7] [16] [45] |
Diatom-symbiont |
[4] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [38] |
| 17. |
Parasorites orbitolitoides |
35 m depth [44] ; 15 - 40 m [30] or wider depth range |
Algal mat coral rubble [44] |
Chlorophyta |
[39] [69] [78] [79] |
| 18. |
Peneroplis pertusus |
3.5 - 30 m [57] ; 10 - 15 m [58] |
Found attached to short filamentous algae on coral rubble [57] |
Red algae- Rhodophyte-bearing |
[4] [31] [34] [35] [59] [60] [61] [62] [74] |
| 19. |
Peneroplis planatus |
3.5 - 30 m [57] ; 10 - 15 m [58] |
Found attached to short filamentous algae on coral rubble [57] |
Rhodophyte-bearing |
[59] [62] [74] |
| 20. |
Amphisorus hemprichii |
8 - 18 m depth [57] |
Mostly rocky substrate, found epiphytically clinging on Posidonia oceanic and Halophila stipulacea [57] |
Chlorophytes and Dinoflagellate Endosymbiont |
[62] - [67] [74] |
| 21 |
Marginopora vertebralis |
25 m depth [51] ; 15 - 40 m [7] |
Coral rubbles |
Red Cyanobacteria endosymbiont |
[4] [31] [38] [65] |
| 22 |
Sorites orbiculus |
2 - 36 m [51] |
Found living epiphytically on thalli of algae rarely on coral rubbles [51] |
Dinoflagellate, Cyanobacteria and haptophytes endosymbiont |
[31] [39] [59] [62] [67] [75] [76] [77] [80] |