Every day n (%)

A few times a week

A few times a month

A few times before

Mildly harsh parenting behaviors

Slapping the hands

11

(4.0)

50

(18.1)

60

(21.7)

102

(36.8)

Slapping the heads

5

(1.8)

25

(9.0)

25

(9.0)

105

(37.9)

Spanking

6

(2.2)

30

(10.8)

44

(15.9)

79

(28.5)

Ignoring

3

(1.1)

25

(9.0)

27

(9.7)

150

(54.2)

Moderately harsh parenting behaviors

Slapping the face

3

(1.1)

4

(1.4)

11

(4.0)

43

(15.5)

Pinching

2

(0.7)

1

(0.4)

7

(2.5)

28

(10.1)

Cursing

1

(0.4)

10

(3.6)

16

(5.8)

51

(18.4)

Locking up

2

(0.7)

23

(8.3)

Severely harsh parenting behaviors

Hitting with an object

1

(0.4)

1

(0.4)

2

(0.7)

17

(6.1)

Kicking

3

(1.1)

2

(0.7)

6

(2.2)

Throwing things

2

(0.7)

8

(2.9)

Shaking

1

(0.4)

17

(6.1)

Neglecting feeding

1

(0.4)

3

(1.1)

Covering the mouth

18

(6.5)