4/3 | [24] | As above | As above | As above | As above | As above | As above | As above |
5 | [38] USA | Feasibility study with RCT design | To examine the feasibility of problem- solving therapy for family caregivers of cancer patients receiving outpatient palliative care To investigate the impact of problem- solving therapy on family caregivers’ anxiety, depression, and quality of life | Caregivers of cancer patients receiving outpatient palliative care N = 83 IG = CG = | Individual Videoconferencing or telephone | 3 sessions Duration: 18days Session duration: 45min | Outcome measurement: Anxiety QOL Depression | Caregiver in IG reported less anxiety |
6 | [39] Iran | RCT Two-group | To determine the effectiveness of a theory-of- planned- behavior- based problem- solving training program on the coping styles of family caregivers of psychiatric inpatients. | Family caregivers of psychiatric inpatients. N = 72 IG = 36 CG = 36 | Face-to-face group | 8 sessions Duration: 4 weeks Session duration: | Timing: Preintervention Postintervention immediately I-month follow-up Outcome measurement: Coping styles | Immediately after the intervention, IG earned significantly higher task-oriented coping style scores than CG. At 1-month follow-up, IG earned significantly higher scores than the control group for task-oriented) and emotion-oriented coping styles. |
7 | [16] Germany | Cluster RCT protocol | To train care counsellors of statutory long-term care insurances in problem- solving And to evaluate this approach as an additional component in the statutory care counselling in Germany. | Distressed Informal caregiver 38 sites 58 care counsellors | Face-to-face and telephone | One session and at least one telephone contact | Timing: Preintervention
Outcome measurement: Depression Sense of competence | Not applicable |