| Author/ year/study location | Method (RCT/ controlled/ uncontrolled) | Aim | Characteristic of caregiver & Care recipient | Intervention Typology (group/ individual) | Program length, number, duration | Outcome and instrument | Significant result |
1 | [37] USA | RCT | To test The efficacy of PST for spouses of men with prostate cancer. | Spouse caregivers of men with prostate cancer N = 164 IG = 78 CG = 86 | Individual face-to-face | Six to eight sessions Delivered by trained staff | Timing: Preintervention Post-intervention 3-month post intervention follow-up Outcome measurement: Problem-solving Cancer-related distress Mood states Quality of life Quality of romantic relationships | Constructive problem-solving improved more for intervention. Greater decrease in cancer-related distress for intervention. Greater improvement in dyadic relationship for intervention. |
2 | [35] USA | RCT | To examine whether problem- solving therapy (PST) would reduce burden levels of caregivers | Caregivers of individuals diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or early-stage dementia (AD) N = 73 Intervention: 36 Control: 37 | Individual Face-to-face and telephone contact | Nine-sessions with two phases. | Timing: Preintervention One-month post-intervention 3-months post intervention 6-month post intervention 12month post intervention Outcome measurement: Subjective and objective caregiver burden | Caregivers reduced burden levels in IG. Distress for caregivers in IG remained low over time. |
3/1 | [29] Spain | RCT | To evaluate the 8-year effect of indicated Prevention of depression in female caregivers. | Non-professional female caregivers with subclinical depressive symptoms N = 173 IG = 89 CG:84 | Four-six participants in one group Face-to-face | Five weekly group sessions | Timing: Preintervention One-month post-intervention 1-months post intervention 3-month post intervention 6-month post intervention 1-year follow-up Outcome measurement: Depression status Depressive symptom severity | Lower depressive symptom severity for caregivers in IG. |