Elderly feelit better to liveat home (n = 48,186)

Elderly feelit better to liveaway from home (n = 34,120)

P-value (t-test/Chi- square test)

Caregivers feelelderly better to liveat home (n = 27,266)

Caregivers feelelderly better to live away from home (n = 55,040)

P-value (t-test/Chi-square test)

Socio-demographic factors

Age of elderly

80.8 ± 7.7

80.4 ± 7.6

<0.001**

80.2 ± 7.8

80.90 ± 7.6

<0.001**

Gender

0.312

0.794

Male

58.3%

41.7%

33.1%

66.9%

Female

58.7%

41.3%

33.2%

66.8%

Educational level

<0.001**

<0.001**

Below primary school

58.7%

41.3%

32.3%

67.7%

Primary

56.0%

44.0%

35.0%

65.0%

Secondary

59.7%

40.3%

37.1%

62.9%

Higher education

63.9%

36.1%

40.4%

59.6%

Other

56.9%

43.1%

30.2%

69.8%

Marital status

<0.001**

<0.001**

Never married

46.3%

53.7%

39.4%

60.6%

Currently married

61.1%

38.9%

33.8%

66.2%

Widowed/separated/divorced

57.5%

42.6%

32.1%

67.9%

Other

56.1%

43.9%

38.9%

61.1%

Tradeoff between care services & daily life expenses

<0.001**

<0.020*

No

58.3%

41.7%

33.0%

67.0%

Yes

46.6%

53.4%

36.1%

63.9%

Life quality-related factors

ADL^a impairment

<0.001**

<0.001**

No

60.5%

39.5%

40.9%

59.1%

Yes

57.7%

42.3%

29.8%

70.2%

IADL^b impairment

0.023*

<0.001**

No

55.6%

44.4%

53.0%

47.0%

Yes

58.6%

41.4%

32.8%

67.2%

Cognitive problem

<0.001**

<0.001**

No

51.0%

49.0%

43.5%

56.5%

Yes

59.4%

40.6%

31.9%

68.1%

Multi-morbidity

0.001*

0.029*

<3 diseases

57.8%

42.2%

33.6%

66.4%

≥3 diseases

59.0%

41.0%

32.9%

67.2%

Caregiver-related factors

Whom the elderly is living with

<0.001**

<0.001**

Living alone

48.6%

51.4%

34.8%

65.2%