Variable

Psychological violence (n/%)

Odds ratio (CI 95%)

P value

Yes (N = 109)

No (N = 122)

History of sexual assault on victim as a child

30 (27.5)

14 (11.5)

2.93 (1.46 - 5.89)

0.002

Experience of violence by participant’s mother

17 (15.6)

14 (11.5)

1.43 (0.67 - 3.05)

0.358

Presence of HIV

4 (3.7)

8 (6.6)

0.53 (0.16 - 1.86)

0.330

Age of partner (years)

10 - 19

0 (0.0)

1 (0.8)

/

1.000

20 - 29

41 (37.6)

34 (27.9)

1.56 (0.9 - 2.72)

0.114

30 - 39

46 (42.2)

69 (56.6)

0.56 (0.33 - 0.95)

0.029

40 - 49

20 (18.3)

15 (12.3)

1.6 (0.77 - 3.31)

0.200

50 - 59

2 (1.8)

2 (1.6)

1.12 (0.16 - 8.1)

1.000

60 - 69

0 (0.0)

1 (0.8)

/

1.000

Age difference between spouses (years)

Female older

1 (0.9)

2 (1.6)

0.56 (0.05 - 6.21)

1.000

<2

21 (19.3)

17 (13.9)

1.47 (0.73 - 2.97)

0.275

3 - 5

37 (33.9)

49 (40.2)

0.77 (0.45 - 1.31)

0.329

6 - 10

33 (30.3)

41 (33.6)

0.86 (0.49 - 1.49)

0.588

>10

17 (15.6)

13 (10.7)

1.55 (0.72 - 3.36)

0.265

Educational level of partner

None

1 (0.9)

0 (0.0)

/

0.472

Primary

23 (21.1)

11 (9.0)

2.69 (1.25 - 5.84)

0.010

Secondary

42 (38.5)

49 (40.2)

0.93 (0.55 - 1.59)

0.800

University

43 (39.4)

62 (50.8)

0.63 (0.37 - 1.06)

0.083

Smoking partner

10 (9.2)

6 (4.9)

1.95 (0.69 - 5.56)

0.203

Alcoholic partner

27 (24.8)

15 (12.3)

2.35 (1.17 - 4.7)

0.014