| Characters | Bladder flap (N = 142) | No bladder flap (N = 180) | P (*<0.05) |
| Total operating time (min) | 71.6 ± 28.75 | 47.8 ± 22.1 | 0.02(*) |
| Incision-to-delivery time (min) | 21.7 ± 6.6 | 15.8 ± 5.9 | 0.01(*) |
| Bladder injury | 1 | 0 | - |
| Decrease in HB % (g/dl) 48 h after CS | 0.8 ± 0.7 | 0.75 ± 0.4 | 0.09 |
| Micro hematuria 1st day | 19 | 3 | 0.03(*) |
| Pain score (1 - 10) 1st day | 5.25 ± 1.4 | 4.5 ± 0.4 | 0.07 |
| Urinary tract infection (NB of cases) | 10 | 8 | - |
| Days of hospitalization | 1.55 ± 0.4 | 1.25 ± 0.3 | 0.4 |