Test Value = 2.5

Causes of defects on concrete elements.

Mean

Std. Deviation

Mean Difference

RII

Sig. Value

Decision

Rank

Remark

Exposed/Corrosion of the embedded metals

4.68

0.467

2.182

0.9364

0.000

1^st

Significant

Faulty workmanship

4.56

0.636

2.058

0.9116

0.000

2^nd

Significant

Overload and impacts

4.11

0.721

1.609

0.8217

0.000

3^rd

Significant

Chemical Attack

4.07

0.802

1.570

0.8139

0.000

4^th

Significant

Freeze-thaw deterioration

3.97

0.717

1.469

0.7937

0.000

5^th

Significant

Fire/Heat

3.88

1.075

1.376

0.7751

0.000

6^th

Significant

Restraint to volume changes

3.77

1.072

1.267

0.7534

0.000

7^th

Significant

Abrasion

3.68

0.976

1.182

0.7364

0.000

8^th

Significant

Alkali-aggregate reactivity

3.59

0.898

1.089

0.7178

0.000

9th

Significant