TiNTs and TiNPs on alloy

wt % of elements

Ti

Al

V

F

O

Control

88.68

7.27

3.90

0

0.15

Tubular nano-grass (sample#1)

47.51

3.64

2.57

11.99

34.29

Porous nano-film (Sample #23)

56.30

3.51

2.76

9.46

27.98