Cultural

orientation

Priority of spiritual needs over material ones: improvement and renovation through revival of the past cultural values.

Progressive

orientation

During renovation and reconstruction of the old cities, nothing is preserved except the roads

Ecological school

Recession of old texture because of social and economic groups and segregations due to social injustice

Functional

orientation

Improvement and renovation for the aim of economic and functional development of the city

Structural

orientation

Collective like and systemic attitude towards city: improvement of fabric and spatial structures in collections and no single buildings.

Modernism

Extreme inclination for preservation of old monuments that even required the renovation and improvement of dead and non-historic buildings.

Post modernism

the sense of locality, revival of what that possesses local and special value.

Humanism

Considering people and their partnership in improvement and renovation of urban space and people-oriented intervention.