Parameters

Descriptions

Baseline/values

references

${\beta }_h\left(\nu \right)$

fuzzy contact transmission rate of mosquitoes to humans

-

-

${\gamma }_h\left(\nu \right)$

fuzzy recovery rate of humans

-

-

$\mu$

natural death rate of humans

421 × 10⁻⁷

computed

${\delta }_m$

parasite-induced death rate

10⁻⁶

assumed

${\theta }_h$

progression rate from $R_h$ to $S_h$

0.138

assumed

${\gamma }_0$

recovery rate of humans when $\nu ={\nu }_{\max }$

10⁻³

assumed

${\sigma }_m$

latent rate of mosquitoes

0.0769

[3]

${\mu }_m$

natural death rate of mosquitoes

0.001426

[12]

$\delta$

malaria-induced death rate

285 × 10⁻⁵

[33]

${\sigma }_h$

latent rate of humans

0.0588

[35]

${\beta }_m$

contact transmission rate of humans to mosquitoes

0.03525

[35]