Animals | No. in study | Noni juice dose | Duration | Outcome | Reference |
Newborn Holstein bull calves | 18 | Noni fruit puree at 30 mL/calf twice per day | 14 days | Increase phagocytic activity ex vivo | Shafer et al. 2008 [26] |
Newborn Holstein bull calves | 16 | Noni fruit puree at 30 mL/calf, twicer per day | 14 days | Increased expression of IL-2 receptors on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells | Brooks et al. 2009 [28] |
Newborn Holstein bull calves | 226 | Noni fruit puree at 0, 15 or 30 mL every 12 hr | 3 weeks supplementation, additional 3 weeks observation | 54% reduction in total required medical treatments, 61% reduction in respiratory treatments and a 52% reduction in gastrointestinal treatments in noni fed calves | Brooks et al. 2013 [29] |
C57BL/6J mice | 10 | 100 ml/mice | 15 days | Increased IFN-γ, decreased IL-4 | Palu et al. 2008 [30] |
C57BL/6 mice | 22 | IP injection of 15 mg/mouse | 5 days treatment, 50 days total observation | 119% increase in survival time of LLC tumor bearing mice | Hirazumi et al. 1994 [32] |
C57BL/6 mice | 418 | IP injection of 3 to 20 mg crude juice/mouse and 0.8 to 10.4 mg of noni extracts/kg | 5 days treatment, 50 days total observation | Significantly increased survival time of LLC tumor bearing mice, increased survival time with combination of noni juice precipitate and sub-optimal doses chemotherapeutic agents | Hirazumi and Furusawa 1999 [33] |
DBA/2, C57BL/6, and BALB/c mice | 434 | IP injection of ethanol-insoluble precipitate from noni juice at 0.5 mg/mouse | 50 days | Increased survival time of S180 ascites tumor bearing mice | Furusawa et al. 2003 [34] |
Swiss mice | 45 | 6 g /kg | 9 days | Improved immune indices in gamma ray induced immunosuppressed mice | Nguyen et al. 2005 [38] |
BALB/c mice | ≥48 | Noni fruit extract at 200, 500, and 1000 mg/kg/day or deacetylasperulosidic acid 30 and 100 mg/kg/day | 14 days | Increased IL-2 concentrations and NK cell activity in immunosuppressed female mice | Murata et al. 2014 [39] |
BALB/c mice | 25 | Noni fruit extract 30, 90, 810 mg/kg/day | 2 weeks of noni juice after 6 weeks of DMBA exposure and 3 days cigarette smoke (CS) exposure | Reversal of DMBA-induced decrease in CD4+TNFα+, lowering of CS-elevated pro-inflammatory cytokine expression | Agustina et al. 2020 [43] |
Fisher (F344) rats | 53 | 5 mL/kg of 5%, 10% and 20% of NFJ, twice per day | 60 days | Increased lymphocyte proliferation, IL-2 production, ERK1/2 expression and Akt expression | Pratap et al. 2018 [44] |
C57BL/6 mice | 32 | 100 μL/mouse of noni juice or 1:10 and 1:100 dilutions | 9 days | Increased total neutrophils and cytokine expression | de Sousa et al. 2017 [45] |
Kunming mice | 40 | 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mL/ mouse/day | 21 days | Dose-depended increase in CD3+ and CD4+ percentages, CD4+/CD8+ ratio and IL-2 and IL-4 concentrations | Yang et al. 2011 [46] |
Chickens | 100 | 5% noni juice in drinking water | 6 weeks | Improved weight gain and feed efficiency, increased antibody titer, trend for improved cell-mediated immunity, decreased mortality rate | Sunder et al. 2007 [52] |