Antimicrobial categories | Drugs μg/disc | Breakpoints (mm) | % Resistance | |||||||
| Healthy stool | Patient stool with Gastroenteritis | Patient urine with UTI | |||||||
R≤ | I | S≥ | E. coli n = 24 | Klebsiella n = 6 | E. coli n = 18 | Klebsiella n = 10 | E. coli n = 32 | |||
β-lactamase inhibitors/Penicillins | AMC, 30 | 13 | 14 - 17 | 18 | 62.5 | 83.3 | 88.9 | 80 | 68.8 | |
PRL, 100 | 13 | 14 - 16 | 17 | 50 | IR | 44.4 | IR | 12.5 | ||
Extended Spectrum 3rd generation cephalosporins | CTX, 30 | 22 | 23 - 25 | 26 | 58.3 | 50 | 55.5 | 60 | 50 | |
CAZ, 30 | 17 | 18 - 20 | 21 | 58.3 | 33.3 | 77.8 | 80 | 37.5 | ||
Aminoglycosides | AK, 30 | 14 | 15 - 16 | 17 | 25 | 33.3 | 22.2 | 0 | 6.3 | |
CN, 10 | 12 | 13 - 14 | 15 | 8.3 | 33.3 | 11.1 | 0 | 18.8 | ||
Quinolones/ Fluoroquinolones | CIP, 5 | 21 | 22 - 25 | 26 | 41.7 | 0 | 11.1 | 40 | 37.5 | |
LE, 5 | 16 | 17 - 20 | 21 | 16.7 | 0 | 22.2 | 40 | 18.8 | ||
Carbapenems | MEM, 10 | 19 | 20 - 22 | 23 | 16.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12.5 | |
IPM, 10 | 19 | 20 - 22 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Macrolides | AZM, 15 | 12 | - | 13 | 41.7 | 33.3 | 77.8 | 40 | 43.8 | |
Tetracyclines | TE, 30 | 11 | 12 - 14 | 15 | 33.3 | 33.3 | 77.8 | 60 | 18.8 | |
Chloramphenicol | C, 30 | 12 | 13 - 17 | 18 | 16.7 | 0 | 44.4 | 40 | 6.3 | |
Nitrofurantoins | NIT, 300 | 14 | 15 - 16 | 17 | 33.3 | 33.3 | 11.1 | 0 | 25 | |