| Exploration & project planning | Production of materials, components, technology | Construction, commissioning | Operation, maintenance | Distribution, transmission | Decommissioning, recycling, disposal |
Coverage by EU law | + | ++ | + | ++ | ++ | +++ |
Major gaps | fracking, inventory & protection of reserve, financial risk | raw materials supply | spatial and land use planning | pressure equipment, reinjection | hot water & steam pipelines, financial tools | re-use of wells |
Good examples | confined permitting, hydrocarbon concession calls | heat pump technology | technical standards of products | energy efficiency, environ. emissions, technical safety, workers health | electricity grid, env. & econ. accounting & reporting | waste management |