Justice

Martin-Quinn Score^a

Tenure

Days

Appointed by

Start

End

James C. McReynolds

Louis Brandeis

George Sutherland

Pierce Butler

Harlan F. Stone

Charles E. Hughes

Owen J. Roberts

Benjamin N. Cardozo

Hugo Black

Stanley F. Reed

Felix Frankfurter

William O. Douglas

Frank Murphy

James F. Byrnes

Robert H. Jackson

Wiley B. Rutledge

Harold H. Burton

Fred M. Vinson

Tom C. Clark

Sherman Minton

Earl Warren

John M. Harlan II

William J. Brennan

Charles E. Whittaker

Potter Stewart

Byron White

Arthur Goldberg

Abe Fortas

Thurgood Marshall

Warren E. Burger

Harry Blackmun

Lewis F. Powell

William Rehnquist

John P. Stevens

Sandra D. O’Connor

Antonin Scalia

Anthony Kennedy

David Souter

Clarence Thomas

Ruth B. Ginsburg

Stephen Breyer

John Roberts

Samuel Alito

Sonia Sotomayor

Elena Kagan

3.46925

−0.61750

1.57400

2.22050

0.01367

0.17925

1.53338

−1.59800

−1.75868

0.37845

0.49954

−4.64892

−1.58740

−0.19000

0.69769

−1.41543

1.04464

1.04643

0.50367

1.12325

−1.25781

1.62453

−1.93403

1.23533

0.43752

0.42313

−1.05367

−1.43500

−2.81267

1.86065

−0.03036

0.94206

2.94803

−1.82100

0.98084

2.46753

0.69724

−0.78668

3.52348

−1.54504

−1.13214

1.11064

1.66036

−2.04200

−1.52967

Aug. 29, 1914

Jun. 1, 1916

Sep. 5, 1922

Dec. 21, 1922

Feb. 5, 1925

Oct. 10, 1910

Feb. 24, 1930

May 20, 1930

Mar. 2, 1932

Aug. 18, 1937

Jan. 27, 1938

Jan. 20, 1939

Apr. 15, 1939

Jan. 18, 1940

Jul. 8, 1941

Jul. 11, 1941

Feb. 11, 1943

Sep. 22, 1945

Jun. 24, 1946

Aug. 19, 1949

Oct. 12, 1949

Oct. 5, 1953

Mar. 17, 1955

Oct. 15, 1956

Mar. 22, 1957

Oct. 14, 1958

Apr. 16, 1962

Sep. 28, 1962

Oct. 4, 1965

Oct. 2, 1967

Jun. 23, 1969

Jun. 9, 1970

Jan. 7, 1972

Jan. 7, 1972

Dec. 19, 1975

Sep. 25, 1981

Sep. 26, 1986

Feb. 18, 1988

Oct. 9, 1990

Oct. 23, 1991

Aug. 10, 1943

Aug. 3, 1994

Sep. 29, 2005

Jan. 31, 2006

Aug. 8, 2009

Aug. 7, 2010

Jan. 31, 1941

Feb. 13, 1939

Jan. 17, 1938

Nov. 16, 1939

Apr. 22, 1946

Jun. 10, 1916

Jun. 30, 1941

Jul. 31, 1945

Jul. 9, 1938

Sep. 17, 1971

Feb. 25, 1957

Aug. 28, 1962

Nov. 12, 1975

Jul. 19, 1949

Oct. 3, 1942

Oct. 9, 1954

Sep. 10, 1949

Oct. 13, 1958

Sep. 8, 1953

Jun. 12, 1967

Oct. 15, 1956

Jun. 23, 1969

Sep. 23, 1971

Jul. 20, 1990

Mar. 31, 1962

Jul. 3, 1981

Jun. 28, 1993

Jul. 26, 1965

May 14, 1969

Oct. 1, 1991

Sep. 26, 1986

Aug. 3, 1994

Jun. 26, 1987

Sep. 3, 2005

Jun. 29, 2010

Jan. 31, 2006

Feb. 13, 2016

Jun. 29, 2009

9653

8293

5614

6175

7748

2071

4145

5552

2321

12,449

6970

8622

13,361

3471

453

4839

2404

4770

2604

6507

2561

5741

6035

12,332

1836

8299

11,397

1033

1319

8766

6305

8822

5650

12,295

12,612

8895

10,733

10,697^c

6839

9354^c

8697^c

8339^c

4264^c

4140^c

2855^c

2491^c

Woodrow Wilson (D)

Woodrow Wilson (D)

Warren G. Harding (R)

Warren G. Harding (R)

Calvin Coolidge (R)

William H. Taft (R)

Herbert Hoover (R)

Herbert Hoover (R)

Herbert Hoover (R)

F. D. Roosevelt (D)

F. D. Roosevelt (D)

F. D. Roosevelt (D)

F. D. Roosevelt (D)

F. D. Roosevelt (D)

F. D. Roosevelt (D)

F. D. Roosevelt (D)

F. D. Roosevelt (D)

Harry S. Truman (D)

Harry S. Truman (D)

Harry S. Truman (D)

Harry S. Truman (D)

Dwight D. Eisenhower (R)

Dwight D. Eisenhower (R)

Dwight D. Eisenhower (R)

Dwight D. Eisenhower (R)

Dwight D. Eisenhower (R)

John F. Kennedy (D)

John F. Kennedy (D)

Lyndon B. Johnson (D)

Lyndon B. Johnson (D)

Richard M. Nixon (R)

Richard M. Nixon (R)

Richard M. Nixon (R)

Richard M. Nixon (R)^b

Gerald Ford (R)

Ronald W. Reagan (R)

Ronald W. Reagan (R)

Ronald W. Reagan (R)

George H. W. Bush (R)

George H. W. Bush (R)

Bill Clinton (D)

Bill Clinton (D)

George W. Bush (R)

George W. Bush (R)

Barack Obama (D)

Barack Obama (D)