Series

Stationary

order

ADF test

statistic

Critical values

p value

1%

5%

10%

LGDP

I (1)

−5.046747

−3.600987

−2.935001

−2.605836

0.0002

LIMP

I (1)

−5.984477

−3.600987

−2.935001

−2.605836

0.0000

LEXP

I (1)

−10.09979

−3.600987

−2.935001

−2.605836

0.0000

LGCF

I (1)

−6.622801

−3.600987

−2.935001

−2.605836

0.0000

LEXCH

I (1)

−7.190647

−3.600987

−2.935001

−2.605836

0.0000