Major phases

Contents

Conclusion

1. stage I

2. information-sharing

VMI mode can promote information sharing and reduce bullwhip effect [12] [13] .

3. stage II

4. management decision

VMI mode is often only beneficial to downstream members, and the whole supply chain deviates from Pareto equilibrium [17] [18] .

5. stage III

6. coordinating mechanism

Contract design establishes coordination mechanism of supply chain in VMI mode [21] [23] .

7. stage IV

8. third party participation

A theoretical model of dispersed TPL_VMI and Supply Hub model is established [25] [26] .